According to this report, the mortality rate because of poison ingestion is 2.89%.
This report had retrospective data of 588 poisoned patients who were presented to NPCC from 1998 to 2002.
7 The first report on drug overdose and poisoning was presented by NPCC (National Poison Control Center) of Pakistan in 2006. 6 Furthermore, neither any policy makers nor any academicians had presented any report about the burden of injuries and poisoning. 5 In Pakistan, because of scarcity of poisoning surveillance, the epidemiological data on poisoning is inadequate and fragmented. 3, 4 With respect to World Income classification, Pakistan falls under low-middle income countries of the world. The proportion of death that occurs because of poisoning is 91% in low-middle income countries. 2Īccording to World Health Organization (WHO) report of 2004, unintentional poisoning has caused more than 346,000 deaths worldwide. 1 Poisoning ranks 6th among injury related preventable deaths and is the 12thleading cause of hospitalization among pediatric population. Poisoning is an acute medical emergency that needs prompt diagnosis and prompt medical intervention. Keywords: antidotes, unavailability, consequences, treatment, outcomes, organophosphates Abbreviations There is a dire need of integrated health system. The acute shortage of antidote may lead to treatment delay as responded by more than 80% participants from each group.Ĭonclusion: Both the hospitals & retail pharmacies have to keep all essential antidotes irrespective of their cost and must keep direct contact with antidote suppliers, so that the issues related to antidote unavailability can be minimized. Similarly maximum number of antidote prescriptions received was of Pralidoxime (46%) followed by Flumazenil (35%). Results: The physicians and pharmacists both rated Pralidoxime, Flumazenil, snake antivenom, N-acetylcysteine and naloxone as commonly unavailable antidotes. The responses of physicians and drug dispensers about the common poisonous agents, commonly unavailable antidotes and associated issues were validated by patient prescriptions and by the responses of patient attendants. The data was collected from the physicians and drug dispensers working in speciality and tertiary public and private hospital, hospital pharmacy or retail stores of Karachi. Methods: This is a cross sectional study in which 324 participants had responded to the study questionnaires which were approached by non-probability convenience technique from January 2015 to July 2015. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of antidote shortage on the treatment outcome of poisoned patients in various hospitals and pharmacies of Karachi. This eventually causes treatment delay, case complication and death. Antidote shortage can be troublesome for healthcare staff, patients & their families. Background: Antidotes play a vital role in the timely management of poisoning cases.
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